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Applying Screening Techniques - It is important to come up with a literature review plan. This helps the literature review to be manageable and systematic, and facilitates the ease of revisions, replications, and reproductions.
Screening should be done at the title and abstract, and those studies that make it through should also be screened at the full text level.
When you find sources, it is helpful to organize them, at least by sources to include, sources to exclude, and others. It may also be helpful to organize them by topic or where you want to include them in your paper.
It is also helpful to use a particular framework when conducting a literature review, such as PICO (i.e., Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) or PI/EMS (i.e., Population, Intervention/Exposure, Measure, and Study Design), which consist of the below elements.
Including research on the problem you would like to solve. For example, on a study of prayer on coping with stress, what would the research say on coping with stress.
Including studies on an intervention from which you want to find out the effects, or the exposure of interest (e.g., classroom, playground, testing situation).
Including research on the comparison assessment or group to which you want to compare the independent variable group.
Including research on the dependent variable or outcome of the study. For example, if you are looking at the influence prayer has on coping with stress, what does the research say on coping with stress.
Including studies characterizing research on the people of interest (e.g., adults, children, or both)
Including research on the instruments and measures you use as well as validity and reliability
Including research on the type of publication of interest (if you want to find empirical studies or theoretical papers.
