How do you determine whether a difference or relationship is significant?
Different readings incorporate different tests depending on the research question, variables used, and whether the data meet statistical assumptions. These therefore have different ways of showing whether the relationship or difference is statistically significant.
If the test has a p value, if the p value is lower than the alpha level, the test is statistically significant. In many current studies, the p value is given.
Pearson’s r correlation coefficient is used to determine significance for correlations. If you have many variables, a correlation matrix is used. The correlation coefficients should be signaled as significant, but the values of Pearson’s r can also be used to determine significance.